How to Tell the Key of a Song
March 11, 2010 by admin
Filed under iPod Music
When a piece of music is written it is certainly written in a particular key, whether that be the key of Bb or maybe even E. By looking at the beginning of the score you can see what flats or sharps will be used and can determine then which scale has been used to write the song.
A key signature is included in each and every musical piece. This information is written right after the clef (shown on the staff) and is explained with symbols stating the number of flats (b) and the number of sharps (#). As you look over the beginning of the lines of music you will recognize a grouping of flats and sharps, which are not ever used simultaneously. They will appear separately on a space or on a line of the music staff and will be placed with the specific notes that will be affected by them. For example, if the music is to played using an F#, the sharp symbol, the #, will be placed on the top line of the staff. This will tell the person that is reading the music that each time an F is played, no matter if it is on top of the staff, in the first space, or below or able the staff (indicated by the ledger lines), this note should be placed as F#.
When the note that has the flat or sharp signified in the key signature needs to be played as a neutral then an accidental will be put in front of the individual note. In other words, if the music requires the playing of an F (neutral) in the G key, there must be an accidental put in front of it so that the person that is playing the music will not play it as an F#.
The key signature is used so that the number of sharps or flats that are used in within the music itself will be limited. With this said, the musician can tell from the start that each time the note F is played it is to be played as a #. There is no need to put the # in front of each and every F note in the sheet of music. If the signatures were not used, the music would be very hard to decipher because there would be flats and sharps scattered throughout the music, causing cluttering on the lines of music.
Below is a list of the most common key signatures and which notes are affected by them:
Key of C: Includes no flats or sharps
Key of G: Includes one sharp (F#)
Key of D: Includes two sharps (C# and F#)
Key of A: Includes three sharps (G#, F# and C#)
Key of E: Includes four sharps (D#, F#, C# and G#)
Key of F: Includes one flat (Bb)
Key of Bb: Includes two flats (Eb and Bb)
Key of Eb: Includes three flats (Ab, Eb, and Bb)
There is also a relative minor assigned to each key. While it is true that in nearly all ways the major and the relative minor that coincides with it are similar (they use the same scale even though they begin in different places), they are not considered the same. The note that can be found a minor third down from the major (key) is called the relative minor. You can think of it in another way by remembering the sixth note in the major scale is the relative minor. As an example, The C major scale has a sixth note of A so an A minor is the relative minor to C. It is very common to use the relative minor of the key and if you gain a good understanding of them you will find that you have a better understanding of the chord progressions in the song.
Below are some specific keys and what their relative minors (keys) are:
The relative minor for C is A minor
The relative minor for D is B minor
The relative minor for A is F# minor
The relative minor for Bb is G minor
An experienced musician playing in a non-formal setting (not using written music) simply needs to know the key to a particular song to be able to play the chords and scales (melodies) for that song.
Last of all, it is very common for a song to change keys before the end of the song. Musicians that are newer to the musical industry may find this very challenging.
